Business and Organization Studies e-Journal
The Business and Organization Studies e-Journal (online ISSN 3028-1938) is an open access academic journal dedicated to advancing the understanding of business practices, organizational behavior, and management strategies. We aim to provide a platform for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers to disseminate innovative research and insights that shape the future of business and organizational studies. Mission The mission of the Business and Organization Studies e-Journal is to: Promote Excellence in Research: Encourage the publication of high-quality, peer-reviewed research that contributes to the theoretical and practical advancements in the field. Foster Knowledge Exchange: Create a vibrant academic community where scholars and practitioners can share knowledge, collaborate, and discuss emerging trends and challenges in business and organization studies. Support Open Access: Ensure that all published content is freely accessible to readers worldwide, fostering greater dissemination and impact of research findings. Advance Global Perspectives: Highlight diverse perspectives from different cultural, economic, and geographical contexts to enrich the understanding of global business practices and organizational dynamics. Submission and Review Process We welcome original research articles, review papers, case studies, and book reviews. All submissions undergo a double-blind peer review process to ensure the integrity and quality of the published work. Authors are encouraged to adhere to the journal's guidelines for manuscript preparation and submission. Frequency of Issue Business and Organization Studies e-Journal is published every quarter, usually on the last day of every third month. We invite researchers, practitioners, and thought leaders to contribute to the Business and Organization Studies e-Journal and become part of a dynamic community dedicated to shaping the future of business and organizational research. Accessibility and Reach As an open access journal, the Business and Organization Studies e-Journal ensures that research findings are freely available to anyone, anywhere, without subscription barriers. Our digital platform provides a user-friendly interface for readers and authors, enhancing the visibility and reach of published research. Commitment to Innovation We are committed to embracing innovative approaches in scholarly publishing, including the use of multimedia, interactive content, and advanced data analytics to enrich the reader experience and enhance the impact of published work.
JMCFI Research Development and Publication Office
All articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Strategic management, innovation capability, and firm performance among small and medium enterprises: A moderation analysis
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) constitute the productive foundation of emerging economies yet exhibit disproportionately high failure rates attributable partly to deficient strategic orientation and constrained innovation capacity. This study examines whether innovation capability moderates the relationship between strategic management and firm performance among SMEs in Sultan Kudarat, Philippines — a provincially underexplored context whose industrial composition and resource environment may generate dynamics distinct from those documented in metropolitan or high-income settings. Using a cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive-correlational design, primary data were collected from 293 SME owners and managers across multiple industries through a structured questionnaire adapted from validated instruments. Descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation, and bootstrapped moderation analysis were employed. SMEs demonstrated high composite levels of both strategic management and innovation capability, and reported very high firm performance. A pronounced divergence emerged within the innovation capability profile: innovation culture rated very high while innovation resources lagged substantially, revealing a structural tension between innovative motivation and actualized innovative capacity. Strategic management was significantly and positively correlated with firm performance and with innovation capability, while the association between innovation capability and firm performance was positive but marginal. The bootstrapped interaction term was non-significant, leading to non-rejection of the moderation hypothesis. Simple slope analyses confirmed that the effect of strategic management on firm performance was uniformly significant and nearly identical across low, average, and high levels of innovation capability. These results establish strategic management as the dominant, context-invariant driver of SME performance and reconceptualize innovation capability as an independent enabler rather than a boundary condition of strategic effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2025 Brandon Bangonon, John Vianne Murcia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Green finance and its impact on business models in emerging markets: mechanisms, transformations, and challenges
Green finance—the integration of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria into financial systems—has emerged as a structural mechanism through which emerging market economies are beginning to realign capital flows with sustainability imperatives. Yet the pathways through which green finance instruments specifically reshape business models in developing economies remain incompletely theorized and unevenly evidenced in the existing literature. This review synthesizes empirical, institutional, and conceptual research on green finance published between 2016 and 2023 to examine three interconnected questions: how green finance mechanisms—including green bonds, sustainability-linked loans (SLLs), and carbon credit trading—operate in the emerging market context; how these instruments have catalyzed observable transformations in business model architecture across key emerging market regions and sectors; and what structural barriers constrain the scale and depth of green finance adoption in developing economies. The global green bond market reached approximately USD 650 billion in issuance in 2023, with emerging markets contributing approximately 20% of total volume. SLL issuance grew from USD 150 billion in 2019 to USD 500 billion in 2023, with the emerging market share expanding from 10% to 22% over the same period. ESG-integrated investment in emerging markets grew from USD 500 billion in 2019 to USD 1.8 trillion by 2023. Across these instruments, the evidence documents three principal business model transformation pathways: resource efficiency optimization driven by sustainability-linked financing conditions; renewable energy integration accelerated by green bond capital; and circular economy model adoption incentivized by ESG investment screening. Against these advances, three persistent structural barriers emerge: regulatory fragmentation and the absence of harmonized green taxonomies; limited institutional capacity and financial infrastructure in lower-income emerging economies; and underdeveloped domestic capital markets that restrict indigenous green finance scale-up. The review concludes with implications for policymakers, institutional investors, and corporate strategists, and identifies a research agenda addressing the macroeconomic effects of green finance, the role of financial technology in expanding access, and the underexplored social equity dimensions of green investment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sweta Srivastav, Deepti Patnaik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Post-implementation challenges in innovation management: a qualitative case study of a scientific institution in Germany
While substantial scholarly attention has been devoted to the implementation phase of innovation management, the post-implementation phase—the period in which established innovation processes must be sustained, refined, and scaled—remains comparatively underexplored, particularly for small scientific institutions and resource-constrained organizations. This study investigates the distinct challenges that emerge after the initial deployment of innovation management strategies at a small, industry-focused scientific institution in Germany, with the aim of distinguishing post-implementation barriers from those that characterize earlier stages and providing a structured understanding of their relative severity. A single-case, qualitative methodology was employed, drawing on 17 semi-structured in-depth interviews with three stakeholder groups: department heads within the focal institution, employees who engage indirectly with the innovation process, and external innovation managers from other German organizations with established innovation management implementations. Interview data were analyzed using Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA) via QCAmap software. Findings reveal that post-implementation challenges constitute a distinct and non-trivial category of barriers that differ qualitatively from the foundational challenges of the implementation phase. High-priority barriers include insufficient customer engagement and limited employee time and capacity, each cited across seven interviews. Medium-priority barriers encompass knowledge deficits among employees, absent feedback loops, lack of agility, financial constraints, and an innovation culture insufficiently tolerant of risk and experimentation. Low-priority but structurally significant barriers include incentive scarcity, communication gaps, and the absence of a designated innovation process coordinator. The study's contribution lies in demonstrating that sustaining innovation after implementation demands capabilities—structured feedback architectures, flexible governance, dedicated accountability roles, and culture-level adaptation—that are qualitatively distinct from those required for initial implementation. These findings provide a theoretically grounded and practically oriented framework for small scientific organizations seeking to sustain their innovation capacity under structural and resource constraints.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sarthak Jain, Laura Bechthold, Dirk Werth https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Consumer psychographics as predictors of satisfaction in Davao City coffeeshops
This study examined the predictive influence of consumer psychographics—specifically brand image, personality, consumption values, and lifestyle—on customer satisfaction in Davao City coffee shops. Using a quantitative-descriptive and correlational design, data were collected from 201 respondents through a structured survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression. The findings revealed that consumption values and lifestyle emerged as significant predictors of satisfaction, collectively explaining 49.4% of its variance. Consumption values, reflecting perceived utility, convenience, and affordability, had the strongest effect, underscoring the role of functional and experiential value in shaping satisfaction. Lifestyle compatibility also significantly influenced satisfaction, suggesting that coffee shops aligned with consumers’ daily routines and social aspirations foster stronger emotional and behavioral engagement. Meanwhile, brand image and personality were found to correlate positively with satisfaction but did not exert significant independent effects once value-based factors were included. These findings reinforce the importance of aligning marketing and service strategies with consumers’ psychographic identities, emphasizing value congruence and lifestyle fit over purely symbolic brand positioning. The study provides empirical insights that can guide coffee shop operators in developing value-driven, experience-centered business strategies tailored to the evolving preferences of urban Filipino consumers.
Copyright (c) 2024 Bedilyn Quitong, Enrico Yee Jr. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A path analysis of factors that influence acceptance of online food ordering systems among Davao City customers
This study examines the factors influencing the acceptance of online ordering systems among consumers in Davao City, focusing on the variables of personal IT innovativeness, social influence, user convenience, and system quality. Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a theoretical framework, the research identifies how these factors affect perceived ease-of-use, perceived usefulness, and overall user attitudes toward online food ordering applications. A sample of 367 respondents, selected based on their use of online food ordering platforms such as GrabFood and FoodPanda, participated in this study. Path analysis was employed to determine the causal relationships between the independent variables and their impact on user acceptance. Results show that system quality and perceived usefulness are the most significant determinants of positive user attitudes, followed by social influence and personal IT innovativeness. The study reveals that users' perception of ease and functionality plays a crucial role in fostering the adoption of these technologies, providing valuable insights for businesses looking to improve their online food ordering platforms. The findings also highlight the need for further technological and service improvements to enhance consumer satisfaction and long-term loyalty in the competitive online food delivery market.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jefferson Lambino, John Vianne Murcia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Digitalization and its impact on non-banking financial companies: Barriers, enablers, and strategic implications
The digitalization of financial services has repositioned Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) as a critically important yet structurally vulnerable constituency of India's financial ecosystem. As technologies including Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotic Process Automation (RPA), and advanced cybersecurity systems become operationally indispensable, the capacity of NBFCs to adopt these tools efficiently and safely has become a material determinant of their institutional survival and competitive relevance. This study examines the adoption barriers, operational challenges, and measurable benefits of technology integration among NBFCs registered in Guwahati, Assam, using primary survey data collected from forty institutional respondents through a semi-structured questionnaire administered in 2024. Analysis reveals that workforce skill deficits (45.2%) and technology acquisition costs (35.7%) constitute the primary structural barriers to adoption, while system compatibility challenges (59.5%) emerge as the dominant technical obstacle. Regulatory compliance, whilst present as a challenge, is perceived by the majority of institutions as only slightly challenging (73.8%), with financial reporting requirements generating the greatest procedural difficulty (45.2%). Data security breaches are identified as the foremost long-term institutional risk (71.4%), a finding that aligns with national-level evidence of intensifying cybersecurity threats in India's Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance sector. Despite these constraints, AI is broadly perceived as effective in enhancing decision-making, RPA is adopted primarily for the automation of high-volume repetitive processes, and vendor technical support is rated favorably by over 83% of respondents. The study concludes with recommendations for institutional capacity-building, strategic technology investment, and regulatory navigation frameworks adapted to the resource constraints characteristic of smaller NBFC institutions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Saurav Dhar, Dipak Jain, Saket Jeswani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The role of digital transformation in promoting sustainable business models: Insights from startups
Digital transformation has emerged as a structurally significant driver of sustainable business model development, particularly in the startup ecosystem, where resource constraints and competitive pressures simultaneously necessitate and incentivize innovative technological adoption. This study examined how digital technologies—specifically artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and cloud computing—enable startups to embed sustainability into their core operational and strategic architectures. Employing a mixed-methods design, the study drew on survey data from 350 entrepreneurs and in-depth interviews with 20 industry experts across diverse industry sectors. Structural equation modelling was applied to examine the relationships among digital exploitation capabilities, digital exploration capabilities, digital strategy adoption (DSA), digital transformation (DT), market-driven business model innovation (MDBMI), and sustainable business performance (SBP). Findings indicate that digital strategy adoption exerted the strongest effect on both SBP (β = 0.245, p < 0.01) and MDBMI (β = 0.320, p < 0.01), while MDBMI demonstrated a significant mediating pathway to SBP (β = 0.398, p < 0.001). Case evidence from Zerodha, Tesla, and Swiggy illustrates the mechanisms through which digitalization advances circular economy practices, energy optimization, and stakeholder accountability. The study also identifies persistent barriers—including high infrastructure costs, digital literacy deficits, and inadequate scalability frameworks—that temper the transformative potential of digital technologies for early-stage ventures. These findings contribute a theoretically grounded, empirically validated perspective on the digital–sustainability nexus and carry actionable implications for startup founders, policymakers, and institutional investors.
Copyright (c) 2026 R Shalini, M Yuvashree https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The impact of mobile shopping applications on women's buying behavior towards ready-made garments: A systematic literature review
India's mobile commerce (m-commerce) ecosystem has undergone transformative growth over the past decade, with the annual volume of online shoppers projected to reach 425 million by 2027, up from approximately 185 million in 2021. Women constitute a disproportionately active and commercially significant segment of this growth, particularly in the ready-made garment category, which consistently ranks as the highest-volume online purchase segment among female consumers. Despite this commercial significance, the academic literature on the specific mechanisms through which mobile shopping applications shape women's garment-buying behavior in the Indian context remains dispersed and undertheorized. This systematic literature review synthesizes empirical and conceptual research published between 2012 and 2023, drawing on peer-reviewed journal articles, institutional reports, and industry databases, to identify the principal enabling factors, inhibiting factors, and platform-specific dynamics that characterize women's mobile app-mediated garment shopping in India. The review identifies six recurrent enabling factors across the synthesized literature: convenience and temporal flexibility, price competitiveness and promotional offerings, product variety and visual accessibility, ease of comparison, doorstep delivery logistics, and app-exclusive rewards and personalization. Two primary inhibiting factors emerge consistently: security and trust concerns relating to payment data and personal information, and the sensory deficit of virtual garment evaluation relative to physical retail. The landscape of leading platforms—Amazon, Flipkart, Myntra, Ajio, Snapdeal—is mapped against their functional differentiation strategies. Implications for retailers, app developers, and policymakers seeking to optimize the female m-commerce experience in India are discussed, and a research agenda identifying underexplored dimensions of this phenomenon is proposed.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ritu Marwah, Kaushal Soni Verma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Personal loan preference of bank borrowers: A conjoint analysis
In Mati City’s financial sector, personal loans play a crucial role in addressing needs like education and home improvements. This study uses conjoint analysis to examine bank borrowers' preferences, identifying key factors that influence loan choices and offering insights for banks to optimize their products and marketing strategies. Given the city's evolving economy, understanding localized borrower preferences is essential. The study presents respondents with hypothetical loan scenarios featuring attributes such as collateral, loan period, interest rates, payment modes, and income requirements. This helps determine the relative importance of these factors in borrower decision-making. Findings reveal variations in how borrowers prioritize loan attributes, highlighting unique local considerations. The study also segments borrowers based on preference patterns, enabling banks to develop tailored financial products. Additionally, it emphasizes trust-building, community engagement, and financial education to enhance borrower awareness and literacy. Banks can design personalized loan offerings and customer-centric strategies, enhancing financial inclusion and economic growth by leveraging these insights
Copyright (c) 2024 Philip Salimaco, John Vianne Murcia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The influence of entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurial alertness on entrepreneurial tendency among senior high school students in Kapalong, Davao del Norte, Philippines
This study examined the influence of entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurial alertness on entrepreneurial tendency among senior high school students in Kapalong, Davao del Norte, Philippines. Using a descriptive-correlational design, data were collected from 252 students across four private schools through convenience sampling. Results indicated moderate levels of entrepreneurial skills, alertness, and entrepreneurial tendency among respondents. Statistical analyses revealed significant positive relationships between entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurial tendency (r=0.426, p<.05) and between entrepreneurial alertness and entrepreneurial tendency (r=0.596, p<.05). Multiple regression analysis further showed that both entrepreneurial skills (β=0.154, p<.05) and entrepreneurial alertness (β=0.515, p<.05) significantly predicted entrepreneurial tendency, with entrepreneurial alertness exerting a stronger influence. The findings underscore the importance of integrating skill-based and awareness-oriented entrepreneurial education into senior high school curricula to foster youth entrepreneurship. This study contributes to the growing literature on entrepreneurial development among adolescents in rural contexts and offers practical implications for educators, policymakers, and community stakeholders aiming to promote economic innovation and self-reliance among youth.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marie Ann Mativo, Gelbert Dadong, Vel June Di Cuaresma, Justine Dave De Guzman, Elealeh Suan-Timosa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Organizational culture and work-life balance as determinants of employee retention among microfinance employees in Kapalong, Davao del Norte
This study aimed to determine the level of organizational culture and work-life balance and their influence on employee retention among 82 microfinance employees in the municipality of Kapalong. Employing a descriptive-correlational research design and utilizing random sampling, the study assessed six dimensions of organizational culture—organizational supportiveness, emphasis on rewards, performance orientation, innovation, stability and communication, and job satisfaction—as well as four dimensions of work-life balance—leave policy, flexible work arrangements, welfare policies, and family responsibilities. Results revealed that both organizational culture and work-life balance were rated at a high level across all indicators. Similarly, employee retention—measured through organizational retention strategies, compensation-related strategies, and personalized retention strategies—was also rated high. Correlation analysis indicated a significant positive relationship between both organizational culture and work-life balance with employee retention. These findings suggest that cultivating a supportive organizational culture and promoting effective work-life balance policies are critical in enhancing employee retention and fostering a productive, committed workforce within the microfinance sector.
Copyright (c) 2024 Denisa Suteu, Daisy Joy Pelias, Ryan Angelo Gegato, Jessa Mae Gaum, Aliemar Villasin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Assessing disaster management preparedness: a cross-sectional analysis of local government unit employees in Digos City, Philippines
This study assessed the perceived disaster preparedness of local government employees in Digos City, Philippines, and examined demographic variations. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, utilizing stratified random sampling to gather data from 218 employees through a standardized survey questionnaire. The instrument measured three dimensions: disaster knowledge, disaster skills, and family preparedness. Findings revealed a high overall level of perceived preparedness. Among the dimensions, family preparedness scored highest, followed by disaster skills and disaster knowledge. Statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test indicated no significant differences in perception based on age or most categories of marital status. However, a significant disparity was found between male and female respondents, identifying gender as a notable factor influencing preparedness perceptions. The study concludes that while local government employees in Digos City perceive themselves as highly prepared, this perception is not uniform across genders. This underscores the necessity for disaster management policies and training programs to integrate a gender-sensitive approach. Investing in the targeted capacity-building of this frontline workforce is crucial for enhancing overall community resilience.
Copyright (c) 2024 Crystel Jane Bustamante, Rishiel Sajetarios, Ryan Toledano, Princess Cole https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Workplace dynamics and attrition: A logistic regression approach to understanding employee retention
Employee attrition constitutes one of the most consequential and operationally costly challenges confronting contemporary organizations, yet its multifactorial determinants remain imperfectly understood in quantitative terms. This study developed and validated a binary logistic regression model to predict the probability of voluntary resignation among employees, drawing on a secondary dataset of 1,470 employee records obtained from the IBM HR Analytics Employee Attrition dataset via Kaggle. Following point-biserial correlation screening, 19 variables were retained from an initial pool of 35 as significant predictors of attrition. The fitted model demonstrated strong overall performance, achieving 89.0% overall classification accuracy, correctly identifying 97.3% of non-resigning employees, and 46.0% of those who resigned (χ²(41) = 437, p < 0.001; Nagelkerke R² = 0.438). Twelve variables emerged as statistically significant predictors of attrition at the 0.05 level. Overtime work produced the largest positive effect on resignation odds (OR = 7.27, p < 0.001), followed by frequent business travel (OR = 6.52, p < 0.001). Among retention-associated predictors, high job involvement (OR = 0.117 at level 4, p < 0.001), strong environment satisfaction (OR = 0.269 at level 4, p < 0.001), and high job satisfaction (OR = 0.281 at level 4, p < 0.001) were most protective against attrition. Additional significant predictors included distance from home, training frequency, tenure in current role, marital status, job role, relationship satisfaction, and work-life balance. These findings provide an empirically grounded predictive framework for HR practitioners and organizational decision-makers seeking to design targeted, evidence-based retention strategies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marites Carillo, Marvin Gil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A structural equation model of corporate performance of bottling companies in Davao Region
The study determined the level of corporate performance of bottling companies in the organizational values, corporate social responsibility and leadership in Region XI, Mindanao, Philippines. Using descriptive-correlation and Structural Equation Modeling, the researcher selected 400 personnel in bottling companies in the region through stratified proportionate sampling. Findings revealed very high levels of organizational values, corporate social responsibility, leadership and corporate performance. A significant relationship was shown between all latent exogenous variables and corporate performance; all the latent exogenous variables significantly influenced the endogenous variable corporate performance. The most parsimonious model 4 conveyed a generalized new concept that bottling companies’ corporate performance was primarily grounded on the financial performance and process. Corporate performance, defined from the nature of corporate social responsibility was influenced by environmental and community and highly strengthened with leadership style assessment of bottling companies. Model 4, which was depicted the direct causal relationships of corporate social responsibility and leadership to the corporate performance of bottling companies, was founded to be the best fit and most parsimonious model.
Copyright (c) 2024 Emily De la Cruz, Eugenio Guhao Jr. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimizing airline service performance: Predictive modeling of passenger satisfaction via binary logistic regression
This study investigates the determinants of airline passenger satisfaction using a large-scale dataset (N = 25,976) sourced from Kaggle, applying binary logistic regression to assess the influence of sociodemographic characteristics and service-related variables. Descriptive statistics reveal a predominantly loyal, business-oriented clientele, with a slight female majority and a preference for business and economy cabin classes. Regression results show that 18 of 23 predictors significantly influenced satisfaction at the p < .05 level. Notably, passenger type of travel (OR = 16.298, p < .001), customer loyalty (OR = 7.738, p < .001), and online boarding (OR = 0.552, p < .001) emerged as the most influential determinants. Digital conveniences (e.g., online booking, Wi-Fi access) and operational aspects (e.g., check-in service, legroom, baggage handling) significantly shaped satisfaction more than traditional physical comfort. The logistic regression model achieved an accuracy of 87.1%, specificity of 83.4%, sensitivity of 90.0%, and AUC of 0.926, demonstrating high predictive validity. These findings suggest that airlines must prioritize seamless digital experiences and consistent service delivery to retain passenger satisfaction and loyalty in an increasingly competitive market.
Copyright (c) 2024 Christian Burasca, Kweeny Lasaca, Romel Lovitos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sociodemographic segmentation of satisfaction on tourist destinations in Digos City, Davao del Sur
This study explored the sociodemographic segmentation of satisfaction with tourist destinations in Digos City, Davao del Sur. Using a descriptive-comparative research design and random sampling technique, 390 tourists were surveyed to evaluate satisfaction across eight destination attributes: natural factors, cultural factors, recreation and shopping facilities, accessibility, infrastructure, reception, services, and cost/price. Results revealed an overall high level of satisfaction among tourists, indicating the appeal of Digos City's tourism offerings. Significant differences were identified in specific attributes when analyzed according to marital status, annual income, and educational level, while no significant differences were observed based on sex, age, or employment status. These findings provide valuable insights into the varying preferences and satisfaction levels of different tourist segments, offering critical inputs for developing targeted and inclusive tourism strategies in Digos City.
Copyright (c) 2024 Camille Zal-Ivy Ayano, Delia Ayano https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Farmers’ preferences for an agricultural loan product: A conjoint analysis
This study investigated how farmers in Digos City, Davao del Sur, value key attributes of agricultural loan products so that lenders can craft farmer‑centered credit solutions. Using a full‑profile, fractional‑factorial conjoint experiment, 290 small‑holder farmers rated 29 orthogonally generated loan profiles that varied by terms and interest rate, mode of payment, collateral requirement and delinquency penalty. Part‑worth utilities were estimated with an additive model. Mode of payment emerged as the dominant driver of choice (≈33 %), with annual and semi‑annual schedules most preferred. Collateral stringency and loan tenor–interest combinations ranked next, whereas penalty timing exerted the least influence. Utility reconstruction identified the optimal package as a 10‑year loan at 2 % annual interest, secured only by a co‑maker, repayable annually, with penalties triggered after maturity. Packages requiring land titles plus vehicle papers, monthly instalments and early penalties produced the lowest utility. These findings underscore the importance of synchronizing repayment calendars with crop cash‑flow cycles and minimizing collateral barriers to expand formal credit uptake. Ultimately, tailored financing is pivotal for sustaining rural livelihoods and achieving local food‑security goals.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ed Martin Lombrino, Diane Mamolo, Gabriel Ubas, Kathlene Mae Geloca https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Samgyeopleaseee: A feasibility study for a Korean barbecue meatshop
The feasibility study focuses on the establishment of a Korean-style barbeque meat shop offering a variety of marinated samgyupsal products tailored to meet the growing demand for Korean cuisine in Davao City, Philippines. This business venture capitalizes on the popularity of Korean pop culture and cuisine among Filipinos. The study highlights the proposed shop's strategic location in Barangay Cabantian, emphasizing its potential to serve both walk-in customers and offer take-home packages suitable for outdoor events. The business aims to offer high-quality cuts of marinated and non-marinated pork and beef, with supplementary items such as kimchi and ssamjang. Financial projections demonstrate profitability starting in the first year, with a net income of PHP 107,170.17, and increasing in subsequent years due to an anticipated annual sales growth of 8%. Operational and financial sustainability is supported by strategic marketing, targeted promotions, and competitive pricing within a market largely devoid of direct competitors offering the same variety and convenience.
Copyright (c) 2024 April Reycan de los Reyes, Rexiel Mae Java, Jhiesel Mae Manzano, Susan Cruz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Influence of financial literacy on the investment decisions of small and medium enterprise owners
Financial literacy is enhancing the nation's financial progress and promoting economic growth. In light of these changes, it is crucial to evaluate if the latest generation, especially small and medium-sized firms (SMEs), considered the principal investors, drivers, and catalysts of the economy, has the necessary comprehension of financial principles. This research identified the area of financial literacy that strongly impacts the investment choices of SMEs in Davao City. The researchers used the descriptive-correlation approach to investigate the impact of financial literacy on the investment choices of SMEs. The study participants were owners, managers, accountants, or anyone having legal capacity to represent SMEs in select barangays in Davao City, totaling one hundred and seven (107) respondents. The data was gathered, analyzed, and interpreted using statistical techniques like mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. SME owners need enhanced financial literacy and improved investment decision-making capabilities. The research demonstrated a substantial correlation between financial literacy and investment decisions. Regression analysis showed that financial literacy, personal characteristics, financial knowledge, and awareness are important predictors of investing choices. The results of this research indicate the need of participating in seminars, workshops, and awareness programs that identify the warning indications of investment fraud. It will assist SME owners in improving their financial literacy and enable them to differentiate between legal investment possibilities and fraudulent scams.
Copyright (c) 2024 Gellian Donggon, Catherine Felicitas, Mary Shinneth Senerez, Cedric Ian Carlo Petalcorin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Exploring the dimensions of financial literacy of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs)
This paper aims to explore the dimensions of financial literacy (FL) among Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Utilizing a mixed-method research design, preliminary qualitative interviews with OFWs became the basis in the development of a 50-item scale responded by 250 OFWs to extract the FL facets through an approach called dimensionality reduction technique. Under this, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used and 46 items were found to successfully load across five dimensions after 15 rotations, labelled as Factor 1: proactive financial engagement, Factor 2: prudent financial management, Factor 3: strategic financial improvement, Factor 4: experiential financial competence, and Factor 5: breadwinner's financial dilemma. The five constructs were revealed to jointly explain 62.918% of the variance. With these findings, the study underscores the need to develop a specific tailored FL intervention to enhance OFWs' financial wellbeing in the UAE. This work yields policy and practical implications pertinent to policymakers, educational organizations, and financial institutions interested in promoting FL among migrant workers.
Copyright (c) 2024 Alvin Ramirez, Kymwell Hinlayagan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mediating role of environmental participation on the relationship between green human resource management practices and employee green behavior
Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices are recognized for their pivotal role in promoting sustainability by fostering environmentally responsible behaviors. This study examined the mediating effect of environmental participation (EP) on the relationship between GHRM practices and employee green behavior (EGB) among higher education institutions in Digos City, Philippines. A non-experimental quantitative approach was employed, using structured questionnaires to collect data from 300 employees of different HEIs. The analysis revealed high levels of GHRM practices, EGB, and EP. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between GHRM practices and EGB, demonstrating that robust GHRM practices within organizations positively influence employees' environmentally responsible behaviors. Additionally, environmental participation was found to partially mediate the relationship of the two variables. These findings validated the Social Exchange Theory which posits that employees are more likely to engage in pro-environmental behaviors when they perceive that the organization is investing in environmentally friendly HR practices. The high levels of EGB observed in this study indicated that employees reciprocate the organization’s commitment to sustainability by adopting green behaviors, validating the reciprocal nature of the relationship between employees and the organization. The study recommended that HEIs develop comprehensive GHRM strategies to increase employee environmental participation, which can serve as global models for enhancing sustainability and fostering an environmentally conscious culture.
green human resource management practices
higher educational institution employees
Copyright (c) 2024 April Jane Campaner, Fheb Heavencent Makipig, Kirstine Valerie Mandalones, Princess Cole https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Financial literacy of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) mother-beneficiaries in Digos City
This study assesses the financial literacy of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) mother-beneficiaries in San Miguel, Digos City, Philippines, and examines the relationship between financial literacy and demographic factors such as age, civil status, educational attainment, and employment status. Using a quantitative non-experimental descriptive-correlational design, the study gathered data from 148 respondents through a structured questionnaire. Results indicate that the respondents exhibit high levels of financial knowledge, skills, awareness, and behavior, with age significantly influencing financial practices and perceptions. In contrast, civil status and educational attainment did not show significant impacts on financial literacy levels. Employment status, however, revealed substantial differences in financial behavior, underscoring the need for targeted financial education interventions. The findings highlight the importance of developing tailored financial literacy programs that address the specific needs of different demographic groups, particularly focusing on enhancing financial management skills and resilience among unemployed and self-employed mothers. This study contributes to the understanding of financial literacy among vulnerable populations and provides a foundation for future research and policy development.
Copyright (c) 2024 Brander Roy Conoman, Lovely Macias, Shera Marie Te, Eva Marie Sam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and adaptation to change of micro, small and medium enterprise owners: The mediating role of innovation capability
This study established the relationship of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and adaptation to change of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Davao City, Philippines and the mediating role of their innovation capability. The study utilized a descriptive-causal quantitative research design involving 542 MSME owners. The test of mediating effect via regression analysis, medgraph, and Sobel z test were used to analyze the data. Results revealed that MSME owners exhibited a very high level of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, a high level of adaptation to change, and a very high level of innovation capability. Zero-ordered correlation revealed positive, significant relationships among the three variables. Regression analysis revealed a significant direct effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on adaptation to change and innovation capability, while innovation capability had a significant direct effect on adaptation to change. Lastly, innovation capability partially mediated the relationship of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and adaptation to change of micro, small and medium enterprises. Implications are discussed.
Copyright (c) 2024 Danilo Tagalog, John Vianne Murcia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Green marketing mix and brand equity among consumers of green products in Davao City, Philippines
This study investigates the influence of the green marketing mix on brand equity among consumers of green products in Davao City, Philippines. The research identifies significant relationships between green marketing practices, specifically focusing on green products, pricing, distribution, and promotion, and the key determinants of brand equity, such as brand loyalty and brand image. The findings indicate that consumers in Davao City respond positively to green marketing efforts, with green promotion identified as the most influential factor in shaping consumer purchasing decisions and enhancing brand equity. The study also reveals that brand loyalty is a critical outcome of effective green marketing, with respondents demonstrating a strong commitment to repurchasing and recommending green products. This suggests that green marketing strategies are not only essential for attracting environmentally conscious consumers but also for fostering long-term brand loyalty and strengthening overall brand equity. The research highlights the importance of aligning marketing practices with consumer values, particularly in the context of sustainability. Overall, this study contributes to the growing body of literature on green marketing and brand equity, providing insights for businesses looking to enhance their market position through sustainable practices. The findings support the notion that a well-implemented green marketing mix can significantly improve brand equity by fostering stronger customer relationships and loyalty, which are crucial for sustaining competitive advantage in the marketplace.
Copyright (c) 2023 Liza May Butaslac, Jericho Cablores, Minard Gonzales Jr., Maria Teresa Bulao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Satisfaction in work-from-home arrangements and employee engagement during COVID-19 pandemic
The transition to Work from Home (WFH) arrangements during the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted employee engagement within the academic sector, necessitating a study to explore this dynamic. This research aimed to assess the relationship between employee satisfaction with WFH conditions and their overall engagement levels, focusing on various factors such as work-life balance and work productivity. The study employed a survey methodology, collecting data from 100 employees who have adapted to WFH due to pandemic restrictions. The results indicated very high satisfaction with WFH arrangements, particularly in terms of work productivity and work-life balance, suggesting that remote work can effectively support both professional performance and personal well-being. Furthermore, the analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between the satisfaction derived from WFH conditions and the level of employee engagement, emphasizing the critical role of effective remote work management in maintaining and enhancing employee output and morale. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on remote work implications by highlighting key areas that organizations should focus on to foster a productive and engaged remote workforce. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and educational leaders aiming to refine remote work strategies to enhance employee engagement during and beyond the pandemic era.
Copyright (c) 2023 Vanissa Guerra, Jericho Isada, Christine Joy Jondonero, Ralph Conrad Panti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Green human resource management practices and satisfaction of employees of small and medium enterprises
In recent years, the growing focus on sustainability has highlighted the importance of green human resource management (GHRM) in enhancing employee satisfaction and organizational productivity. This study aimed to investigate green human resource management practices and satisfaction of SMEs employees in Digos City, with a particular emphasis on identifying the substantial relationship between green human resource management practices and job satisfaction. Using a stratified random sampling technique, 200 SMEs employees of Digos City in Davao del Sur, Philippines were surveyed, wherein the resulting data was analyzed using mean to describe the level of the variables and Spearman’s rho coefficient. The findings revealed that the level of green human resource management practices and satisfaction of SME employees in Digos City are high and very high, respectively. Moreover, a strong positive relationship was found between green human resource management practices and satisfaction of SMEs employees. The study concludes that SMEs should prioritize the development of green policies that not only support environmental sustainability but also create a satisfying and productive work environment, with potential implications for broader organizational success and sustainability practices globally.
Copyright (c) 2023 Dann Marielle Alquizar, Sheryl Jean Sarno, Redjean Llaga, Princess Cole https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Impulse buying behavior and pricing preferences of shoppers in Davao City
Impulse buying plays a critical role in boosting sales across various sectors and fulfills consumer desires. Pricing preference significantly influences impulse buying behavior. While the topic of impulse buying is well-discussed, there is a need for more research within the Philippine context. This study explores the correlation between impulse buying intentions and the pricing preferences of consumers in Davao City. It involved 100 randomly selected shoppers and utilized a modified, adapted questionnaire. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select participants, and the study was conducted using a descriptive-correlational method for data collection and analysis. The data were analyzed using mean and Spearman's rank order correlation coefficients. The results indicate a significant relationship between impulse buying behavior and the pricing preferences of shoppers. This insight can aid retailers in optimizing their pricing strategies to boost impulse purchases and add value for customers. However, it is important to note that other factors should also be considered by business owners when developing their marketing strategies.
Copyright (c) 2023 Rexie Jale Abay-abay, Mary Rose Intig, Antoneth Mohinog, Clyde Abner Valdez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Dimensions of quality of life of UM Digos College graduates
Higher education institutions need to look beyond internal indicators as a means of measuring quality. Graduates’ quality of life (QoL) has to be looked into and become a source of feedback. This study aims to model the quality of life of UM Digos College graduates from years 2005 to 2010 for the three major departments namely Liberal Arts, Commerce and Business Administration, and Teacher Education. This descriptive-exploratory research specifically sought to determine the dimensions that would define the graduates’ quality of life. Out of 1,098 graduates covered in the eight-year period, a sample of 293 alumni were selected using stratified sampling. The latent nature of the graduates’ quality of life necessitates the use of factor analysis. The data gathering process commenced with focused group discussions (FGD) which generated 38 indicator items which were then pilot tested. Screening of quantitative data which involved tests for collinearity, normality and outliers were done to ensure satisfaction of basic assumptions for analysis. Dimension reduction using principal component analysis and VARIMAX rotation revealed a multidimensional quality of life of the graduates. The final model was made up of 23 item statements that clustered into five dimensions identified as community engagement and work satisfaction, financial stability, health and environment, educational and professional development, and leisure and personal growth. Furthermore, the findings also revealed no significant differences in the manifestation of the factors when the graduates were grouped by department.
Copyright (c) 2023 Garnette Mae Balacy, Jeaneth Tormis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Predicting Customer Churn in Travel and Tour Industry Using Machine Learning Algorithm Approaches
Predicting customer churn in the airline sector of tour and travel poses unique challenges, necessitating advanced machine learning approaches to proactively tackle dissatisfaction, optimize service reliability, and fortify loyalty within fluctuating travel patterns and preferences. This study analyzed the application of machine learning algorithms to predict customer churn in the tour and travel industry. Leveraging data obtained from Kaggle, including factors like frequent flights, annual income, and social media engagement, the study employs various classifiers and attribute selection techniques to identify key predictors of churn. Through rigorous evaluation using five-fold cross-validation, the J48 decision tree classifier emerges as the most reliable model, achieving an accuracy of 84.53% and demonstrating good agreement. The findings underscore the potential of machine learning in enabling proactive customer retention strategies and enhancing business performance in the tour and travel sector.
Copyright (c) 2023 Joemarie Pono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Feasibility Study of Academic Tutoring Services in Cateel, Davao Oriental
This feasibility study evaluates the viability of launching Academic Tutoring Services in Cateel, Davao Oriental, focusing on its cost-effectiveness and potential market dominance. Initiated in response to the shift towards virtual and modular learning systems due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the proposed business aims to address significant educational challenges faced by students from kindergarten to grade 10. The study thoroughly assesses the marketing, management, financial, and socio-economic aspects of the business, demonstrating that the service is not only needed but also financially viable. Key findings indicate that the service could effectively monopolize the local market due to the high demand for personalized educational support, which current providers are unable to fully meet. Financial projections show a promising return on investment with steady growth in service revenue over five years, underpinned by comprehensive marketing strategies and operational plans that ensure cost-efficiency. Furthermore, the business is set to provide substantial social benefits by offering employment opportunities to teachers and enhancing educational outcomes for students. The overall analysis confirms that Academic Tutoring Services could be a sustainable and profitable venture, contributing positively to the educational landscape of Cateel, Davao Oriental.
Copyright (c) 2024 Zebedee Cabrera, Micha Ella Crisanto, Bea Keesha Isonga, Lou Angelie Teves, Alexis II Baligod https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0